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Specifications
| Grade | EP11 |
| Characters | A white or almost white powder, hygroscopic, very soluble in water, practically insoluble in anhydrous ethanol |
| Identification | A. TLC-test: Principal spot should be as per reference standard |
| B. Reaction with ferric chloride: Violet colour develops | |
| C. Reaction with sodium hypochlorite: Red colour develops | |
| D. Reaction with hydrochloric acid: Faint yellow colour develops | |
| E. Reaction of sulphate | |
| Appearance of solution | Colour: Not more intense than reference solution 3 |
| Clarity | Not more opalescent than reference suspension II |
| pH | 4.5–7.0 |
| Methanol | 0.3% max |
| Streptomycin B | 3.0% max |
| Loss on drying | 7.0% max |
| Sulphated ash | 1.0% max |
| Sulphate | 18%–21.5% |
| Specific absorbance | 10.0–12.4 |
| Bacterial Endotoxins | 0.25 IU/mg |
| Sterility | Complies |
| Assay (Dried potency) | 720 IU/mg min |
Applications
Streptomycin sulfate is a broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic widely used in the treatment of bacterial infections, particularly those caused by Gram-negative organisms. It is a key therapeutic option for diseases such as tuberculosis, plague, tularemia, and certain forms of bacterial endocarditis. In veterinary medicine, it is employed to prevent and treat bacterial diseases in livestock and poultry. In microbiology and biotechnology, streptomycin sulfate is frequently used as a selective agent in cell culture and laboratory media to inhibit bacterial contamination without affecting eukaryotic cells. It is also applied in plant agriculture to control bacterial plant pathogens.
Benefits
Streptomycin sulfate is highly effective at inhibiting protein synthesis in susceptible bacteria, offering rapid bactericidal action. Its proven efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis makes it an essential drug in multidrug tuberculosis therapy. The compound's stability and compatibility with various media make it useful for laboratory applications, ensuring sterility in sensitive experiments. In agriculture, its ability to protect plants from bacterial infections helps improve crop yield and quality. Its long-standing track record in clinical, veterinary, and research settings attests to its reliability and versatility.
Conclusion
Streptomycin sulfate is a vital antibiotic with broad applications in medicine, veterinary practice, microbiology, and agriculture. Its potent antibacterial activity, versatility, and proven effectiveness make it an indispensable tool for infection control and research. Despite the emergence of antibiotic resistance, it continues to hold value in targeted treatments and controlled applications where its benefits outweigh potential risks.
