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Specifications
| Appearance: | Clear, colourless liquid |
| Purity(GC): | 99.0% min |
| 1,3-Difluorobenzene(GC): | 0.5% max |
| Toluene (GC): | 0.3% max |
| Single impurity(GC): | 0.2% max |
Transport Information
|
Parameter |
Specification |
|
UN Number |
1993 |
|
Class |
3 |
|
Packing Group |
II |
|
H.S. Code |
2933692990 |
|
Stability & Reactivity |
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions. |
|
Storage |
Tightly closed. Store in a closed, dry, ventilated place |
|
Condition to Avoid |
|
|
Package |
Applications
1. Intermediate in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry
Frequently used as a building block or starting material for:
Fluorinated pharmaceuticals
Agrochemicals
Advanced materials
The symmetrical fluorination pattern provides predictable regioselectivity in electrophilic aromatic substitution and cross-coupling reactions.
2. Synthesis of Liquid Crystals
1,3,5-Trifluorobenzene derivatives are precursors to:
Liquid crystal materials, particularly those requiring rigid, rod-like fluorinated aromatic cores.
These materials are essential in LCD screens and optical devices due to their anisotropic dielectric and optical properties.
3. Material Science and Fluoropolymer Research
Utilized in the development of specialty fluorinated polymers with enhanced:
Thermal stability
Hydrophobicity
Chemical resistance
Also useful in self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) and surface coatings requiring fluorinated surfaces.
4. Cross-Coupling Chemistry
A valuable substrate for metal-catalyzed reactions (e.g., Suzuki, Sonogashira, Buchwald–Hartwig):
Enables introduction of diverse functionalities (amines, aryls, alkynes) onto a trifluorinated aromatic ring.
5. NMR Spectroscopy and Fluorine Labeling
Due to the presence of three fluorine atoms in a symmetrical arrangement, it serves as a model compound in ¹⁹F-NMR spectroscopy.
Can be used to introduce fluorine labels for tracer studies or imaging agents.
Benefits
1. Electronic Modulation
Fluorine atoms significantly decrease the electron density of the aromatic ring:
Enhances chemical stability
Modulates biological activity in drug design
Enables tunable reactivity in synthetic pathways
2. Symmetrical Structure
Its symmetrical trifluorination offers predictable reactivity and simplifies product isolation in multi-step syntheses.
3. High Thermal and Chemical Stability
Fluorinated aromatics resist oxidation, hydrolysis, and thermal degradation-important for robust chemical processes.
4. Hydrophobic and Lipophilic Characteristics
Useful for designing compounds with membrane permeability or reduced solubility in water, such as in pharmaceuticals or coatings.
5. Versatility in Functionalization
Can be used in both electrophilic and nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions, making it a flexible platform for derivatization.
Conclusion
1,3,5-Trifluorobenzene (CAS 372-38-3) is a highly useful fluorinated aromatic compound with broad applicability in organic synthesis, material science, liquid crystal development, and fluoropolymer engineering. Its symmetrical structure and electron-deficient nature allow for precise and versatile functionalization, making it an important intermediate in high-performance materials and pharmaceutical compounds. With its robust chemical profile and valuable electronic characteristics, it continues to be an essential building block in research and industry.
