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Specifications
| Appearance: | Yellow-gray or light yellow green crystalline powder or granule, with caramel-like smell |
| Identification test: | Pass the test |
| Assay (C12H22FeO14 content on dry basis): | 97.0%~102.0% |
| Loss on drying: | 10.0% max |
| Iron (Fe³⁺): | 2.05 max |
| Reducing sugar: | Pass the test |
| Sulfate (as SO₄): | 0.1% max |
| Lead (Pb): | 2.0 mg/kg max |
| Total arsenic (As): | 2.0 mg/kg max |
| Arsenic: | 2.0 mg/kg max |
Applications
1. Nutritional Supplements
Found in iron tablets, capsules, syrups, powders, and effervescent formulations.
Commonly used to prevent or treat iron deficiency anemia, especially in:
Pregnant women
Children and infants
Patients with chronic blood loss
Vegetarians and vegans
2. Food Fortification
Added to cereals, dairy products, beverages, and infant formulas as a source of elemental iron.
Used in iron-enriched baked goods and meal replacements to support iron intake in the general population.
3. Pharmaceutical Applications
Included in oral therapeutic iron preparations where gentle iron supplementation is required.
Preferred in cases where milder gastrointestinal tolerance is needed compared to ferrous sulfate.
4. Colorant in Food Processing
Used as a color stabilizer in black olives, maintaining their dark appearance during processing.
Prevents discoloration and acts as a chelating agent in certain canned vegetables.
5. Veterinary Supplements
Added to animal feed or veterinary products to correct or prevent iron deficiency in livestock, especially in young pigs and calves.
Benefits
1. Effective Iron Supplementation
Provides bioavailable elemental iron needed for:
Hemoglobin production
Red blood cell formation
Oxygen transport throughout the body
2. Milder on the Stomach
Compared to ferrous sulfate, ferrous gluconate is better tolerated, with lower risk of gastrointestinal irritation, such as nausea or constipation.
3. Good Solubility and Absorption
Water-soluble and easily absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, especially when taken with vitamin C, which enhances iron uptake.
4. GRAS Status
Recognized as Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) by the FDA for use in food and supplements when used appropriately.
5. Versatile Formulation
Suitable for both oral solid and liquid products.
Less metallic taste than some other iron salts, improving palatability in fortified foods and syrups.
Conclusion
Ferrous gluconate (CAS 299-29-6) is a well-absorbed, mild-tasting iron salt widely used in nutritional supplements, pharmaceuticals, and food fortification. Its high bioavailability, low gastrointestinal side effects, and versatility in formulation make it an ideal choice for addressing iron deficiency anemia in vulnerable populations. Additionally, its role as a food color stabilizer adds functional value in food processing applications.
