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Specifications
| Appearance: | Colorless to light yellow liquid |
| Purity (GC): | 96% min |
| Relative density (25 °C): | 0.8470–0.8570 |
| Refractive index (20 °C): | 1.4460–1.4560 |
| Acid value: | 3 mgKOH/g max |
| Optical Rotation: | -1° to 11° |
| Solubility: | 1 mL of the sample was completely dissolved in 5 mL 70% (v/v) ethanol |
| Aroma: | Strong and fresh aromas of citrus, lemon and rose |
Applications
1. Fragrance and Flavor Industry
Primary use in perfumes, soaps, detergents, and personal care products due to its refreshing lemon scent.
Used as a flavoring agent in food and beverages in small, regulated amounts.
2. Insect Repellent
Citronellal is a key active ingredient in mosquito repellents, especially in natural formulations.
Works by disrupting insect olfactory receptors, making it effective against mosquitoes and flies.
3. Intermediate in Organic Synthesis
Serves as a precursor for synthesis of:
Citronellol (by reduction)
Menthol (via isopulegol intermediate)
Hydroxycitronellal (a popular fragrance compound)
Also used in the preparation of ionones and other aroma chemicals.
4. Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic Potential
Studied for antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and sedative properties.
Sometimes included in aromatherapy for stress relief and mild calming effects.
Benefits
Natural Origin: Derived from renewable plant sources, fitting consumer demand for green chemistry.
High Odor Potency: Effective at low concentrations, making it cost-efficient for fragrance applications.
Eco-Friendly Insect Control: Provides a biodegradable, non-toxic alternative to synthetic repellents like DEET.
Synthetic Versatility: Its reactive aldehyde group allows for multiple chemical transformations in industrial synthesis.
Conclusion
Citronellal (CAS 106-23-0) is a versatile monoterpenoid widely valued in fragrance, flavor, and insect-repellent industries. Its pleasant citrus scent, natural origin, and chemical reactivity make it a staple in both consumer and industrial applications. With growing interest in sustainable and bio-based ingredients, citronellal continues to be a key compound in modern formulations.
