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Specifications of Quinine丨130-95-0
|
Parameter |
Specification |
|
Appearance |
White crystalline powder, very bitter taste |
|
Assay (on dried basis) |
≥98.5% |
|
Solubility |
Freely soluble in ethanol 96%, Chloroform, very slightly soluble in water |
|
Identification - Fluorescence |
Appears blue fluorescence |
|
Identification - Bromine and Ammonia |
Green color develops |
|
Melting Point |
174 to 178°C |
|
Specific Rotation |
-159° to -172° |
|
Appearance of Solutions |
Solution is clear |
|
The Alkali of Solutions |
Colourless |
|
Chloride |
No turbidity, Max 500 ppm |
|
Sulfate |
No turbidity, Max 500 ppm |
|
Other Cinchona Alkaloids |
No turbidity |
|
Hydroquinine |
Max 5.0% |
|
Anorganic Impurities |
Solution is clear |
|
Loss on Drying |
Max 1.0% |
|
Sulfated Ash |
Max 0.1% |
|
Residual Solvents - Toluene |
Max 100 ppm |
|
Residual Solvents - Benzene |
Max 2 ppm |
Transport Information of Quinine丨130-95-0
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Parameter |
Specification |
|
UN Number |
|
|
Class |
|
|
Packing Group |
|
|
H.S. Code |
2939200000999 |
|
Stability & Reactivity |
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature). |
|
Storage |
Tightly closed. Store in a closed, dry, ventilated place |
|
Condition to Avoid |
Strong oxidizing agents |
|
Package |
Applications of Quinine丨130-95-0
Treatment of Malaria
Quinine丨130-95-0 is most commonly known for its use in the treatment of malaria. It has been a key drug in antimalarial therapy for centuries, particularly in cases caused by Plasmodium falciparum. It is used both as a first-line treatment in acute cases and as a part of combination therapies to reduce the development of drug-resistant malaria strains.
Anti-Arrhythmic Medication
Quinine has been used in the treatment of arrhythmias, particularly in managing conditions like atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmias. It has a quinidine-like effect on the heart, influencing the electrical conduction and heart rhythm.
Analgesic and Antipyretic
Quinine丨130-95-0 has analgesic (pain-relieving) and antipyretic (fever-reducing) properties, which historically made it useful in treating various feverish conditions, including the flu and other illnesses. Although less common today due to newer medications, quinine can still be used to relieve fever and discomfort in certain situations.
Insect Repellent and Bite Relief
Quinine is sometimes used in topical applications, especially in products designed to relieve discomfort from insect bites. It has a mild numbing effect and can soothe itching and irritation.
Food and Beverage Industry
In the food and beverage industry, quinine is widely recognized for its inclusion in tonic water, where it imparts a bitter taste. This was originally due to its malaria-preventing properties, as British colonists consumed tonic water mixed with gin to prevent malaria during their time in tropical regions.
Research and Drug Development
Quinine is also used in scientific research, particularly in pharmacological and medical studies focused on antimalarial drugs, drug resistance, and the development of new therapeutic agents. It serves as a valuable model compound for the creation of synthetic derivatives and analogs.
Benefits of Quinine丨130-95-0
Effectiveness Against Malaria
The primary benefit of quinine is its effectiveness in treating malaria, especially in severe cases. It works by interfering with the Plasmodium parasite's ability to metabolize hemoglobin in the red blood cells, ultimately killing the parasite and alleviating symptoms. Despite the rise of drug-resistant strains, quinine remains a vital part of the treatment protocol for malaria in many parts of the world.
Cardiovascular Benefits
Quinine丨130-95-0 has a role in managing certain heart arrhythmias, particularly in its ability to restore normal heart rhythm by stabilizing electrical activity in the heart. It can be beneficial in treating certain types of abnormal heart rhythms, especially those that arise in the context of atrial fibrillation.
Antipyretic and Pain Relief
Quinine's mild analgesic and antipyretic effects provide relief for conditions involving pain and fever. While not commonly used today for this purpose, it historically served as an important treatment option for alleviating symptoms of fever-related illnesses.
Anti-Inflammatory and Muscle Relaxant Properties
Quinine has shown some degree of anti-inflammatory and muscle-relaxing properties. It can sometimes be used to manage conditions that cause muscle cramps, especially those related to conditions like leg cramps or nocturnal muscle spasms.
Historical Significance and Global Health Impact
Quinine holds historical significance in the fight against malaria and is credited with saving millions of lives over the years. Its development as a medicine has made it a cornerstone in global public health efforts, particularly in tropical regions where malaria remains a major concern.
Conclusion
Quinine丨130-95-0 is a highly effective and historically significant compound with a broad range of medical applications. Its primary use in treating malaria continues to be its most important benefit, but it also plays a role in cardiovascular health, pain relief, and fever management. Though modern treatments have expanded, quinine remains a crucial drug in both clinical and historical contexts. Additionally, its role in beverages and research further extends its influence in different industries.
