2'-Deoxyguanosine Monohydrate丨CAS 312693-72-4

2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate丨CAS 312693-72-4 is a naturally occurring nucleoside consisting of the purine base guanine attached to 2'-deoxyribose, with one molecule of water of hydration. It is a fundamental building block of DNA, specifically pairing with cytosine in the DNA double helix.

1. Molecular Biology and Biochemistry
2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate丨CAS 312693-72-4 is widely used as a substrate, standard, or control in various molecular and biochemical applications:
● DNA synthesis and sequencing: Serves as a precursor or substrate for in vitro DNA synthesis.
● Enzyme substrate: Used to study enzymes like deoxyguanosine kinase, nucleoside phosphorylases, and DNA polymerases.
● DNA damage and repair studies: A common target and marker in oxidative stress and mutagenesis research, where modifications to deoxyguanosine (e.g., formation of 8-oxo-dG) indicate oxidative DNA damage.
● Radiolabeling: Its base or sugar can be isotopically labeled for tracking DNA incorporation, replication, or degradation.
2. Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research
● Antiviral and anticancer drug development: Serves as a scaffold or model for nucleoside analogues such as acyclovir, ganciclovir, and azidothymidine (AZT).
● Prodrug design: Utilized in research for drugs that mimic or incorporate into viral DNA to terminate replication.
● Toxicity and pharmacokinetics: Used in in vitro and in vivo studies to assess drug-nucleoside interactions and nucleoside transporter activity.
3. DNA Biosensors and Nanotechnology
● Biosensor calibration: Used in electrochemical and optical DNA biosensors that detect guanine oxidation.
● DNA-based nanostructures: Employed in designing and synthesizing nucleic acid nanomaterials for biotechnology applications.
4. Analytical Standards
● Used as a reference compound in HPLC, LC-MS, and capillary electrophoresis for analyzing nucleosides in biological samples such as blood, urine, or tissue.

✅ Biological Relevance
● As a core DNA component, 2'-deoxyguanosine is essential for studying cell replication, gene expression, and mutagenesis.
✅ High Purity for Research
● Commercially available in high purity, ensuring reproducibility and reliability in sensitive biochemical assays.
✅ Versatile Applications
● Compatible with radioisotope labeling, fluorescent tagging, and chemical modification, making it adaptable for various experimental designs.
✅ Oxidative Damage Biomarker
● Deoxyguanosine is the primary site for oxidation in DNA, producing 8-oxo-dG, a well-known biomarker for oxidative stress and carcinogenic processes.

2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate丨CAS 312693-72-4 is a cornerstone nucleoside for DNA-related research, spanning genetic, enzymatic, pharmaceutical, and diagnostic applications. Its role as a building block of DNA, its susceptibility to oxidative damage, and its versatility in chemical modification make it a critical reagent in both fundamental and applied biosciences. Researchers rely on it for assays involving DNA structure, function, repair, and for development of nucleoside-based therapeutics.