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Specifications
| Grade: | Food grade |
| Appearance: | Dark brown powder, no special smell |
| Assay: | 90% min |
| Fe: | 7.7% min |
| Loss on drying: | 5.0% max |
| Pb: | 2 mg/kg max |
| As: | 2 mg/kg max |
| Hg: | 0.5 mg/kg max |
| Total plate count: | 1000 CFU/g max |
| Coliform Group: | 40 MPN/100g max |
| Salmonella (per 25g): | Not detectable |
| Staphylococcus aureus (per 25g): | 100 max |
Applications
1. Pharmaceuticals (Treatment of Acute Porphyria)
Primary therapeutic use of hemin is in the treatment of acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) and other acute hepatic porphyrias.
Marketed under brand names like Panhematin® or Normosang®.
Works by repressing hepatic delta-aminolevulinic acid synthase (ALAS1), the first enzyme in the heme biosynthesis pathway, thereby reducing the accumulation of toxic porphyrin precursors.
2. Heme Metabolism Research
Used in biochemical and pharmacological studies to:
Explore heme oxygenase activity
Investigate heme transport and regulation
Study oxidative stress, iron metabolism, and heme-protein interactions
3. Diagnostic and Analytical Use
Applied in forensic science for blood detection:
As part of Kastle-Meyer and benzidine tests, hemin helps identify the presence of blood at crime scenes.
Used in microbiological culture media for the growth of heme-requiring organisms, such as Haemophilus and Neisseria species.
4. Biomaterials and Drug Delivery Research
Investigated in nanomedicine and biomaterials as a redox-active component, due to its electron transport capabilities.
Explored for its peroxidase-like activity in biosensors and catalytic applications.
Benefits
1. Life-Saving Treatment for Porphyria
Hemin is the only effective treatment for managing acute porphyria attacks, which can be life-threatening if untreated.
Rapidly reduces levels of ALA and porphobilinogen (PBG), alleviating neurovisceral symptoms such as abdominal pain, neuropathy, and seizures.
2. Biological Relevance
Mimics natural heme prosthetic groups, allowing researchers to study heme-related enzyme functions and metabolic pathways.
Crucial for understanding iron homeostasis, oxidative stress responses, and diseases linked to heme dysregulation.
3. Versatile Analytical Tool
Helps detect trace amounts of blood, even in degraded or cleaned samples-critical in forensic and criminal investigations.
Used to enhance microbial culture, improving diagnostic accuracy in medical microbiology.
4. Emerging Use in Advanced Materials
Hemin's redox and catalytic properties make it useful in:
Electrochemical sensors
Peroxidase-mimicking nanomaterials
Drug delivery systems, where pH-responsive release is needed.
Conclusion
Hemin (CAS 16009-13-5) is a biologically and medically significant compound primarily used for the treatment of acute porphyrias, and extensively applied in heme metabolism research, diagnostics, and microbiology. With its role in regulating heme biosynthesis, supporting forensic blood detection, and enabling scientific discovery, hemin continues to be a vital tool across medicine, biotechnology, and research.
