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Specifications
|
Appearance |
Off-white to white solid |
|
Purity (HPLC) |
99.5% min |
|
Melting Point |
61-64 °C |
Overview
1,3-Bis(diphenylphosphino)propane丨CAS 6737-42-4, commonly abbreviated as dppp, is a widely used bidentate phosphine ligand in coordination chemistry and catalysis. Its moderate bite angle (the angle between the two phosphorus atoms when coordinated to a metal) and flexible three-carbon linker make it a versatile ligand in various catalytic processes, particularly with transition metals like palladium, nickel, and rhodium.
Applications
1. Homogeneous Catalysis
Cross-Coupling Reactions:
dppp is frequently employed in Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions such as:
Suzuki-Miyaura coupling
Heck reaction
Stille coupling
The ligand's flexibility and electronic properties facilitate the formation of active catalytic species.
2. Hydroformylation and Hydrogenation
Used in Rh- and Co-catalyzed hydroformylation and hydrogenation reactions, enabling selective addition of functional groups.
3. Asymmetric Catalysis
dppp derivatives have been modified to produce chiral ligands for enantioselective transformations.
4. Coordination Chemistry
Forms stable complexes with metals such as Pd, Ni, Rh, and Pt, useful in mechanistic studies and catalysis development.
Benefits
✅ Moderate Bite Angle (~91°)
This bite angle is ideal for various catalytic cycles, offering a balance between flexibility and rigidity for optimal metal-ligand interaction.
✅ Versatility Across Metals
Effective with multiple transition metals, broadening its utility across different catalytic reactions.
✅ Improves Catalyst Activity and Selectivity
Enhances turnover numbers and reaction rates in many important synthetic transformations.
✅ Relatively Stable and Easily Handled
dppp is air-sensitive but stable enough for practical laboratory and industrial use.
Summary
1,3-Bis(diphenylphosphino)propane丨CAS 6737-42-4 is a flexible, bidentate diphosphine ligand widely used in transition-metal catalysis, particularly in cross-coupling reactions, hydrogenation, and hydroformylation. Its moderate bite angle and adaptability make it a preferred choice for both research and industrial applications in organic synthesis.
