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Specifications of Tetrahydrofuran丨109-99-9
|
Property |
Value |
|
Tetrahydrofuran Purity |
99.95% min |
|
Color |
5 max |
|
Water Content |
0.015% max |
|
Hydrogen Peroxide Content |
0.003% max |
|
BHT Content |
120 ± 30 μg/g |
Transport Information of Tetrahydrofuran丨109-99-9
|
Parameter |
Specification |
|
UN Number |
2056 |
|
Class |
3 |
|
Packing Group |
II |
|
H.S. Code |
2932110000101 |
|
Stability & Reactivity |
Stable. Incompatible with halogens, strong oxidants, strong reducing agents, strong bases, and oxygen. If in contact with air, explosive peroxides may be produced during storage. Highly flammable. Store under nitrogen at room temperature. Dangerous polymerization reactions may occur. Sensitivity. May contain 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT). |
|
Storage |
Tightly closed. Store in a closed, dry, ventilated place |
|
Condition to Avoid |
Keep away from open flames, hot surfaces, and ignition sources. Take measures to prevent electrostatic discharge. |
|
Package |
Introduction
Tetrahydrofuran丨109-99-9 is a versatile, colorless liquid organic compound with the molecular formula C₄H₈O. It is a member of the ether family and is often used as a solvent in various chemical reactions and industrial processes. THF has a relatively low boiling point and is highly polar, making it a useful solvent in a variety of applications.
Tetrahydrofuran is typically produced through the hydrogenation of furan (C₄H₄O) in the presence of a catalyst, or by the cyclization of 1,4-butanediol. The industrial production of THF involves a high-pressure reaction with hydrogen to convert furan into tetrahydrofuran.
Uses of Tetrahydrofuran丨109-99-9
Solvent in Chemical Synthesis:
THF is widely used as a solvent in chemical synthesis, particularly for reactions involving organometallic compounds, polymerization, and synthesis of polymers. It dissolves a wide variety of polar and nonpolar compounds and is often preferred due to its ability to dissolve both hydrophobic and hydrophilic substances.
THF is commonly used as a solvent in Grignard reactions and other organometallic chemistry processes, such as the synthesis of lithium reagents and alkyl lithium compounds.
Polymer Industry:
THF is a key solvent in the production of polyurethanes, polyesters, and polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMEG), which is used in the manufacture of spandex fibers.
It is also used in the production of Tetrahydrofuran-based elastomers and polyurethanes in industrial applications.
In the Pharmaceutical Industry:
In pharmaceutical formulations, Tetrahydrofuran丨109-99-9 is used as a solvent for drug compounds that are not soluble in water but are soluble in organic solvents. It is commonly used to dissolve hydrophobic drugs or in the preparation of pharmaceutical suspensions.
THF is also used in the synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates, as it can efficiently dissolve a wide range of organic and inorganic materials.
Aromatic Hydrogenation and Polymerization:
THF serves as a reaction solvent in hydrogenation and polymerization reactions. For instance, it is used in the production of polystyrene and other styrenic copolymers.
It can also be used in free radical polymerization processes, especially for making polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivatives.
Battery Electrolytes:
Due to its low freezing point and high dielectric constant, Tetrahydrofuran丨109-99-9 is sometimes used as a solvent in electrolyte solutions for batteries, such as lithium-ion batteries, particularly in nonaqueous electrolyte solutions.
Cleaning Agent:
THF is used in cleaning applications, especially for removing organic residues and grease from metal surfaces and electronic components due to its strong solvency power.
In Laboratory Use:
THF is frequently employed in laboratory work for various chemical reactions, especially in small-scale reactions such as nucleophilic substitution and lithiation reactions.
Conclusion
Tetrahydrofuran丨109-99-9 is an important organic solvent in chemical, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications. Its ability to dissolve a wide variety of substances makes it highly useful in chemical synthesis, polymer production, and battery technology. However, like many solvents, THF must be handled with care due to its flammability, toxicity, and potential for peroxide formation. Proper safety protocols and handling procedures are essential to minimize risks during its use.
